Question 1

Before cell division of somatic cells,each chromosome must be replicated.After replication,the resulting two parts of each chromosome are held together by cohesin at the centromere.These two parts are referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  Sister chromatids
B)  Homologous chromosomes
C)  Daughter chromosomes
D)  Kinetochores
E)  GenesF) A) and B)
G) B) and E) A

Question 2

You are conducting a genetic screen using Caenorhabditis elegans embryos to isolate mutations affecting anaphase (A) .Therefore,you need to look for embryos in which

Accepted Answer

A)  the centromeres do not move toward the poles.
B)  the poles do not move apart.
C)  the spindle apparatus does not disassemble.
D)  sister chromatids are mismatched and therefore fail to separate.E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 3

This stage of mitosis is characterized by the disassembly of spindle apparatus,the reestablishment of the nuclear membrane,and the decondensation of the chromosomes:

Accepted Answer

A)  Prometaphase
B)  Telophase
C)  Anaphase
D)  MetaphaseE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 4

You are assembling a model of a chromosome,but begin having some trouble when you get to the step of forming chromatin loops.If you are unable to resolve this problem,what step of chromosome structure would you be unable to achieve?

Accepted Answer

A)  Histone/DNA complex
B)  Nucleosome
C)  Solenoid
D)  RosettesE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 5

Eukaryotic chromosomes are composed of a complex of 60% protein and 40% DNA.This complex is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  The histone complex
B)  Chromatin
C)  The kinetochore
D)  CohesinE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

If a cell contained a mutation in the gene that encodes FtsZ,which process would be affected?

Accepted Answer

A)  Septation
B)  Cytokinesis
C)  Prophase
D)  DNA Synthesis
E)  Cohesin cleavageF) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 7

A cell biologist produces a karyotype of mouse somatic cells arrested in mitosis.She sees 40 chromosomes,which is completely normal for mice.Based on this information,what is the haploid number of chromosomes for mice?

Accepted Answer

A)  10
B)  20
C)  40
D)  80
E)  It cannot be determined from the information provided.F) D) and E)
G) None of the above B

Question 8

During this stage of mitosis,the chromosomes become attached to the spindle at their kinetochores.

Accepted Answer

A)  Prophase
B)  Prometaphase
C)  Metaphase
D)  Anaphase
E)  TelophaseF) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 9

This stage of the cell cycle is characterized by growth and it contains a checkpoint to verify that all of the DNA has been replicated prior to mitosis.

Accepted Answer

A)  G1
B)  S
C)  G2
D)  Mitosis
E)  CytokinesisF) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 10

In prophase,ribosomal RNA synthesis stops when the chromosomes condense,and as a result:

Accepted Answer

A)  the chromosomes lengthen.
B)  the nuclear envelope reforms.
C)  the nucleolus disappears.
D)  the chromosomes line up at the equator of the cell.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

The portion of the cell cycle when the cell is growing and does not contain a replicated genome is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  G1
B)  S
C)  G2
D)  Mitosis
E)  CytokinesisF) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 12

During this stage of mitosis,the nuclear envelope begins to break down and the spindle begins to form.

Accepted Answer

A)  Anaphase
B)  Metaphase
C)  Prophase
D)  Telophase
E)  PrometaphaseF) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 13

Plant cells typically achieve cytokinesis by:

Accepted Answer

A)  binary fission.
B)  forming a cell plate across the middle of the cell.
C)  forming a cleavage furrow that pinches the cell into two.
D)  chromosome condensation.
E)  chromosome elongation.F) D) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 14

If a cell was capable of bypassing metaphase and going directly from prometaphase to anaphase,what is the most likely consequence of this?

Accepted Answer

A)  The resulting daughter cells would not have a nuclear envelope.
B)  The resulting daughter cells would have significantly different quantities of cytoplasmic materials.
C)  The resulting daughter cells would have different numbers of chromosomes.
D)  The resulting daughter cells would be completely normal.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 15

If a drug that inhibited transport from the trans face of the Golgi was applied to plant cells,which stage of the cell cycle would be directly affected?

Accepted Answer

A)  G2
B)  S
C)  Metaphase
D)  Anaphase
E)  CytokinesisF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 16

If you were to think of the cell as a car,and mitosis as a process that drives that car to go,what would be a good analogy for a cell that has a mutation in both copies of a tumor-suppressor gene?

Accepted Answer

A)  The gas pedal of a car gets stuck while pushed down.
B)  The gas pedal of a car does not work at all.
C)  The brake pedal of a car gets stuck while pushed down.
D)  The brake pedal of a car does not work at all.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 17

You are examining the effect of maturation-promoting factor (MPF) in sea urchin cells,which have a diploid number of 36.If you fuse a dividing sea urchin cell with a G1 arrested oocyte,what would be the outcome?

Accepted Answer

A)  The G1 cell would enter mitosis,but would likely arrest at the spindle checkpoint because the chromosomes have not been properly replicated.
B)  The G1 cell would undergo mitosis and its daughter cells would each have 36 chromosomes.
C)  The G1 cell would undergo mitosis and its daughter cells would each have 18 chromosomes.
D)  The G1 cell would first go through S phase and then mitosis.Its daughter cells would have 36 chromosomes.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

Why is it so important that all of the chromosomes align on the metaphase plate during metaphase?

Accepted Answer

A)  This is the only place in the cell where the cyclins and Cdks are located.
B)  If they cannot,it suggests that they aren't properly attached to the spindle microtubules,and thus won't separate properly during anaphase.
C)  This is the location where the chromosomes can become attached to the spindle microtubules.
D)  This allows asters to form.
E)  This allows sister chromatids to form.F) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 19

You are studying cell cycle progression in an early frog embryo.If you were to inject a protein synthesis inhibitor into a cell during S phase,where do you predict that the cells would arrest?

Accepted Answer

A)  G1
B)  G2
C)  Metaphase
D)  TelophaseE) B) and D)
F) A) and D) B

Question 20

You are leading a team of researchers at a pharmaceutical company.Your goal is to design drugs that help fight cancer.Specifically,you want to focus on drugs that bind to and inactivate certain proteins,thereby halting cell cycle progression.One of your team members suggests targeting the retinoblastoma (Rb) protein and inhibiting this protein.Will this approach be successful? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

A)  This approach will not be successful.Rb is tumor-suppressor protein,and functions to inhibit the action of a number of cell cycle regulatory proteins.A drug designed to inactivate the Rb protein would essentially create the same situation as in as a cell that lacks both copies of the Rb gene.Lack of Rb activity would release the inhibition of cell cycle regulatory proteins,thereby promoting cell cycle progression,rather than halting it.
B)  This approach will be successful.Rb is an oncogene,and functions to activate a number of cell cycle regulatory proteins.A drug designed to inactivate the Rb protein would halt the cell cycle in cells that contain an active Rb.As a result,cancer cells expressing a constitutively active Rb protein would be good targets for this type of therapeutic.
C)  This approach will be successful.Rb is tumor-suppressor protein,and functions to inhibit the action of a number of cell cycle regulatory proteins.A drug designed to inactivate the Rb protein would activate cell cycle inhibition.Lack of Rb activity would therefore inhibit the cell cycle regulatory proteins.
D)  This approach will not be successful.Rb is an oncogene,and functions to activate a number of cell cycle regulatory proteins.A drug designed to inactivate the Rb protein would actually activate cell cycle progression.As a result,this drug would likely make this situation worse for patients whose cancer cells contain mutant Rb.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Exam 10: How Cells Divide

Before cell division of somatic cells,each chromosome must be replicated.After replication,the resulting two parts of each chromosome are held together by cohesin at the centromere.These two parts are referred to as:

Correct Answer
verified
A

You are conducting a genetic screen using Caenorhabditis elegans embryos to isolate mutations affecting anaphase (A) .Therefore,you need to look for embryos in which

Correct Answer
verified

This stage of mitosis is characterized by the disassembly of spindle apparatus,the reestablishment of the nuclear membrane,and the decondensation of the chromosomes:

Correct Answer
verified

You are assembling a model of a chromosome,but begin having some trouble when you get to the step of forming chromatin loops.If you are unable to resolve this problem,what step of chromosome structure would you be unable to achieve?

Correct Answer
verified

Eukaryotic chromosomes are composed of a complex of 60% protein and 40% DNA.This complex is referred to as:

Correct Answer
verified

If a cell contained a mutation in the gene that encodes FtsZ,which process would be affected?

Correct Answer
verified

A cell biologist produces a karyotype of mouse somatic cells arrested in mitosis.She sees 40 chromosomes,which is completely normal for mice.Based on this information,what is the haploid number of chromosomes for mice?

Correct Answer
verified
B

During this stage of mitosis,the chromosomes become attached to the spindle at their kinetochores.

Correct Answer
verified

This stage of the cell cycle is characterized by growth and it contains a checkpoint to verify that all of the DNA has been replicated prior to mitosis.

Correct Answer
verified

In prophase,ribosomal RNA synthesis stops when the chromosomes condense,and as a result:

Correct Answer
verified

The portion of the cell cycle when the cell is growing and does not contain a replicated genome is referred to as:

Correct Answer
verified

During this stage of mitosis,the nuclear envelope begins to break down and the spindle begins to form.

Correct Answer
verified

Plant cells typically achieve cytokinesis by:

Correct Answer
verified

If a cell was capable of bypassing metaphase and going directly from prometaphase to anaphase,what is the most likely consequence of this?

Correct Answer
verified

If a drug that inhibited transport from the trans face of the Golgi was applied to plant cells,which stage of the cell cycle would be directly affected?

Correct Answer
verified

If you were to think of the cell as a car,and mitosis as a process that drives that car to go,what would be a good analogy for a cell that has a mutation in both copies of a tumor-suppressor gene?

Correct Answer
verified

You are examining the effect of maturation-promoting factor (MPF) in sea urchin cells,which have a diploid number of 36.If you fuse a dividing sea urchin cell with a G₁ arrested oocyte,what would be the outcome?

Correct Answer
verified

Why is it so important that all of the chromosomes align on the metaphase plate during metaphase?

Correct Answer
verified

You are studying cell cycle progression in an early frog embryo.If you were to inject a protein synthesis inhibitor into a cell during S phase,where do you predict that the cells would arrest?

Correct Answer
verified
B

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 10: How Cells Divide

Before cell division of somatic cells,each chromosome must be replicated.After replication,the resulting two parts of each chromosome are held together by cohesin at the centromere.These two parts are referred to as:

Correct AnswerverifiedA

You are conducting a genetic screen using Caenorhabditis elegans embryos to isolate mutations affecting anaphase (A) .Therefore,you need to look for embryos in which

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

This stage of mitosis is characterized by the disassembly of spindle apparatus,the reestablishment of the nuclear membrane,and the decondensation of the chromosomes:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You are assembling a model of a chromosome,but begin having some trouble when you get to the step of forming chromatin loops.If you are unable to resolve this problem,what step of chromosome structure would you be unable to achieve?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Eukaryotic chromosomes are composed of a complex of 60% protein and 40% DNA.This complex is referred to as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a cell contained a mutation in the gene that encodes FtsZ,which process would be affected?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A cell biologist produces a karyotype of mouse somatic cells arrested in mitosis.She sees 40 chromosomes,which is completely normal for mice.Based on this information,what is the haploid number of chromosomes for mice?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

During this stage of mitosis,the chromosomes become attached to the spindle at their kinetochores.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

This stage of the cell cycle is characterized by growth and it contains a checkpoint to verify that all of the DNA has been replicated prior to mitosis.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In prophase,ribosomal RNA synthesis stops when the chromosomes condense,and as a result:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The portion of the cell cycle when the cell is growing and does not contain a replicated genome is referred to as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During this stage of mitosis,the nuclear envelope begins to break down and the spindle begins to form.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Plant cells typically achieve cytokinesis by:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a cell was capable of bypassing metaphase and going directly from prometaphase to anaphase,what is the most likely consequence of this?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a drug that inhibited transport from the trans face of the Golgi was applied to plant cells,which stage of the cell cycle would be directly affected?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you were to think of the cell as a car,and mitosis as a process that drives that car to go,what would be a good analogy for a cell that has a mutation in both copies of a tumor-suppressor gene?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You are examining the effect of maturation-promoting factor (MPF) in sea urchin cells,which have a diploid number of 36.If you fuse a dividing sea urchin cell with a G1 arrested oocyte,what would be the outcome?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why is it so important that all of the chromosomes align on the metaphase plate during metaphase?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You are studying cell cycle progression in an early frog embryo.If you were to inject a protein synthesis inhibitor into a cell during S phase,where do you predict that the cells would arrest?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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A

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B

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verified

You are examining the effect of maturation-promoting factor (MPF) in sea urchin cells,which have a diploid number of 36.If you fuse a dividing sea urchin cell with a G₁ arrested oocyte,what would be the outcome?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
B

Correct Answer
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