Question 1

Tyrone conducts a decision-making experiment to determine if people reason more logically when they have more time to decide.All the participants who are under 40 are allowed 15 minutes to reach a decision about a problem; all the participants who are over 40 are allowed 20 minutes to reach a decision about the same problem.Tyrone has a problem with his experimental design because

Accepted Answer

A)   there are two control groups and no experimental group.
B)   the time allowed for the decision is confounded with the independent variable.
C)   there is no dependent variable in the experiment.
D)   the age of the participants is confounded with the independent variable.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 2

An instructor wishes to find out whether a new teaching method is superior to his usual procedures, so he conducts an experiment.Everyone in his classes is quite excited about the prospect of learning under the new procedure but of course he cannot administer the new teaching method to everyone.A random half of the students receive the new method and the remaining half receive the old.What is the most obvious flaw in this experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)   Subjects should have been systematically assigned to groups.
B)   The sample is not representative of the population.
C)   Placebo effects or experimenter bias are likely to affect results.
D)   Distortions in self-report will affect results.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 3

How do you feel about the use of animals as research subjects in psychological studies? Back up your position with evidence.

Accepted Answer

Pro: Relatively few psychological studie...

Question 4

According to the ethical guidelines for psychological research with humans, if you agree to be a participant in a research study you would understand that you

Accepted Answer

A)   will not be exposed to harmful or dangerous treatments.
B)   will not be exposed to deception.
C)   have to commit to participating in the entire research study.
D)   do not have the right to privacy.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

If two variables have a positive correlation, you would expect that ____ scores on one variable are generally associated with ____ scores on the second variable.

Accepted Answer

A)   low; low
B)   low; high
C)   middle; a wide variety of
D)   high; lowE) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 6

Which research method involves a researcher engaging in careful observation of behaviour without intervening directly with the subjects?

Accepted Answer

A)   criterion-based induction
B)   case studies
C)   surveys
D)   naturalistic observationE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 7

What is the difference between a positive correlation and a negative correlation? List some specific variables that you predict would be positively correlated, and variables that would be negatively correlated, with alcohol consumption by college students.

Accepted Answer

Positive correlation: As scores on varia...

Question 8

Theories permit researchers to move from

Accepted Answer

A)   understanding to application.
B)   concept to description.
C)   application to control.
D)   description to understanding.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 9

As interest rates increase, house sales decline, indicating

Accepted Answer

A)   a direct correlation between the two variables.
B)   a negative correlation between the two variables.
C)   a positive correlation between the two variables.
D)   no correlation between the two variables.E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 10

The experimental group

Accepted Answer

A)   consists of the subjects who receive some special treatment with regard to the independent variable.
B)   consists of the subjects who receive some special treatment with regard to the dependent variable.
C)   consists of the subjects who do not receive the special treatment.
D)   must be chosen so as to be as different from the control group as possible.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 11

Explain the difference between a correlational and an experimental research study.Be sure to explain what type of conclusions can be drawn from each.

Accepted Answer

Experimental research involves the manip...

Question 12

Which of the following techniques is most likely to prove useful in determining why one particular child is afraid to go to school?

Accepted Answer

A)   experiment
B)   descriptive study
C)   naturalistic observation
D)   case studyE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT included in the ethical guidelines for human participants in psychological research?

Accepted Answer

A)   Participants should not be subjected to harmful or dangerous treatments.
B)   Participants should be paid for their participation.
C)   Participants' right to privacy should not be compromised.
D)   Participants should volunteer to participate.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 14

When a researcher's expectations or preferences about the outcome of a study influence the results obtained it is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)   experimenter bias.
B)   subject bias.
C)   the sampling effect.
D)   the placebo effect.E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 15

Which of the following pairs of terms related to the goals of science are MOST clearly associated with the concept of correlation?

Accepted Answer

A)   understanding and prediction
B)   description and understanding
C)   description and prediction
D)   prediction and applicationE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 16

An independent variable in an experiment refers to

Accepted Answer

A)   the variable that is held constant across experimental conditions.
B)   the variable deliberately manipulated by the experimenter.
C)   the variable that the experimenter believes will change in value because of systematic correlations that exist in the experiment.
D)   the variable that provides an alternative explanation for the results of the experiment.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

Compared to the other scientific research methods, the principal advantage of the experimental method is it

Accepted Answer

A)   can easily be used to study all research questions.
B)   allows for a description of behaviour.
C)   permits conclusions about cause and effect relationships.
D)   observes behaviour in its natural setting.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 18

Dr Khoza was interested in the topic of autistic savants (individuals with limited abilities in many areas, but with an exceptional talent in one specific area) .In the initial part of the investigation Dr Khoza carefully observed and compiled detailed files on three individuals who were autistic savants.Dr Khoza is conducting

Accepted Answer

A)   case study research.
B)   survey research.
C)   correlational research.
D)   experimental research.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a descriptive/correlational research method?

Accepted Answer

A)   survey
B)   experiment
C)   case study
D)   naturalistic observationE) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 20

What are the three goals of scientific enterprise in psychology?

Accepted Answer

The goals of science in psychology inclu...

Exam 2: Research Methods in Psychology

An independent variable in an experiment refers to

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Theories permit researchers to move from

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following techniques is most likely to prove useful in determining why one particular child is afraid to go to school?

Correct Answer
verified

If two variables have a positive correlation, you would expect that scores on one variable are generally associated with scores on the second variable.

Correct Answer
verified

What is the difference between a positive correlation and a negative correlation? List some specific variables that you predict would be positively correlated, and variables that would be negatively correlated, with alcohol consumption by college students.

Correct Answer
verified
Positive correlation: As scores on varia...
View Answer

Which of the following pairs of terms related to the goals of science are MOST clearly associated with the concept of correlation?

Correct Answer
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Which of the following is NOT included in the ethical guidelines for human participants in psychological research?

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Compared to the other scientific research methods, the principal advantage of the experimental method is it

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Explain the difference between a correlational and an experimental research study.Be sure to explain what type of conclusions can be drawn from each.

Correct Answer
verified
Experimental research involves the manip...
View Answer

What are the three goals of scientific enterprise in psychology?

Correct Answer
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The goals of science in psychology inclu...
View Answer

Which research method involves a researcher engaging in careful observation of behaviour without intervening directly with the subjects?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is NOT a descriptive/correlational research method?

Correct Answer
verified

How do you feel about the use of animals as research subjects in psychological studies? Back up your position with evidence.

Correct Answer
verified
Pro: Relatively few psychological studie...
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When a researcher's expectations or preferences about the outcome of a study influence the results obtained it is referred to as

Correct Answer
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As interest rates increase, house sales decline, indicating

Correct Answer
verified

The experimental group

Correct Answer
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According to the ethical guidelines for psychological research with humans, if you agree to be a participant in a research study you would understand that you

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 2: Research Methods in Psychology

An independent variable in an experiment refers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Theories permit researchers to move from

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following techniques is most likely to prove useful in determining why one particular child is afraid to go to school?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If two variables have a positive correlation, you would expect that ____ scores on one variable are generally associated with ____ scores on the second variable.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the difference between a positive correlation and a negative correlation? List some specific variables that you predict would be positively correlated, and variables that would be negatively correlated, with alcohol consumption by college students.

Correct AnswerverifiedPositive correlation: As scores on varia...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following pairs of terms related to the goals of science are MOST clearly associated with the concept of correlation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT included in the ethical guidelines for human participants in psychological research?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Compared to the other scientific research methods, the principal advantage of the experimental method is it

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explain the difference between a correlational and an experimental research study.Be sure to explain what type of conclusions can be drawn from each.

Correct AnswerverifiedExperimental research involves the manip...View AnswerShow Answer

What are the three goals of scientific enterprise in psychology?

Correct AnswerverifiedThe goals of science in psychology inclu...View AnswerShow Answer

Which research method involves a researcher engaging in careful observation of behaviour without intervening directly with the subjects?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a descriptive/correlational research method?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How do you feel about the use of animals as research subjects in psychological studies? Back up your position with evidence.

Correct AnswerverifiedPro: Relatively few psychological studie...View AnswerShow Answer

When a researcher's expectations or preferences about the outcome of a study influence the results obtained it is referred to as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As interest rates increase, house sales decline, indicating

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The experimental group

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the ethical guidelines for psychological research with humans, if you agree to be a participant in a research study you would understand that you

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

If two variables have a positive correlation, you would expect that scores on one variable are generally associated with scores on the second variable.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Positive correlation: As scores on varia...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Experimental research involves the manip...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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The goals of science in psychology inclu...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Pro: Relatively few psychological studie...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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