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What term refers to the individual way in which individuals organize and comprehend the world?


A) empirical reasoning
B) formal reasoning
C) cognitive style
D) creativity
E) intelligence

F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

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Cognitive tests results are not necessarily and always produce negative reaction among disadvantaged groups. Tests also can help individuals make decisions related to their performance that lead to success outcomes.

A) True
B) False

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Formal reasoning is the term for cognitive operations based on abstract analysis. You want to examine reasoning based on cognitive operations drawn from everyday activities. What is the term for this type of reasoning?

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Regardless of his or her ethnic group, an individual who scores high on an IQ tests will likely have __________ in college.


A) poor (low) grades
B) fine (high) grades
C) a mixture of high and low grades
D) poor grades in social studies and high grades in math and science
E) the grades are impossible to predict

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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The _____________ is a theory that suggests all cognitive phenomena are inborn, that they unravel as a result of biological "programming," and that environmental perception requires little active construction by the organism.


A) evolutionary view
B) Darwinist view
C) cultural literacy view
D) nativist view
E) ethnocentrism

F) B) and C)
G) C) and E)

Correct Answer

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