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When firms expand into global markets, they are faced with the choice of reducing costs and/or adapting to the local market. When high pressures exist to lower costs, companies shouldchoose a(n) ________ strategy or ________ strategy in order to compete in the global marketplace.


A) global; transnational
B) global; multidomestic
C) international; multidomestic
D) international; transnational

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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According to studies by Rugman and Verbeke, most of the 500 largest companies in the world are global.

A) True
B) False

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L'Oreal acquired two U.S. firms that developed and sold hair care products to African-American customers. This permitted it to build a new ethnic hair care division in Europe and Africa. This represents an advantage of international expansion using


A) arbitrage.
B) optimization of the location of value-chain activities.
C) performance enhancement.
D) learning opportunities.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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In considering the transnational strategy, Nestle evaluates the limits of decentralization. The closer they are to the consumer in activities such as branding and pricing, the more they tend to decentralize. The more they deal with production and logistics, the more they centralize decision-making. The production and logistics decisions involve ________ activities.


A) upstream
B) in its infrastructure
C) downstream
D) midstream

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Theodore Levitt, a marketing strategist, argued that people around the world are willing to sacrifice preferences in product features, functions, and design for lower prices and lowerquality.

A) True
B) False

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________ are fees that a multinational receives from a foreign licensee in return for its use of intellectual property (trademark, patent, trade secret, technology) .


A) Transfer prices
B) Dividends
C) Royalties
D) Intra-corporate inflows

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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According to the textbook, ________ economic integration has progressed at a faster pace than ________ economic integration.


A) global; international
B) international; regional
C) regional; global
D) regional; inter-regional

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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Globalization opens the doors for companies to attract new customers. One of the challenges is to determine how to meet the needs of these customers who have


A) different income levels.
B) low income levels.
C) high income levels.
D) steady income levels.

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

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According to the textbook, globalization involves international exchange. Included in this exchange is trade in goods and services as well as the exchange of ________, ________, and ________ across countries.


A) habits; values; ideas
B) traditions; legal systems; history
C) money; ideas; information
D) statistics; personnel; purchasing power

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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If the U.S. dollar appreciates relative to foreign currency, what is likely to be the result for the U.S. company that has branches abroad?


A) Profits will increase, when measured in U.S. dollars.
B) Profits will decrease, when measured in U.S. dollars.
C) Foreign exports to the United States will decrease.
D) Foreign demand for U.S. goods and services will decrease.

E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

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To be responsive to local pressures, companies must ________ their offerings and strategies from country to country to reflect local consumer preferences.


A) internationalize
B) globalize
C) differentiate
D) standardize

E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

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________ occurs when a firm decides to utilize other firms to perform value-creating activities that were previously performed in-house.


A) Offshoring
B) A global strategy
C) Outsourcing
D) A transnational strategy

E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

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Firms following a global strategy strive to offer ________ products and services as well as locate manufacturing, research and development, and marketing activities in a limited numberoflocations.


A) widely differentiated
B) more expensive local
C) internationally differentiated
D) standardized

E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

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Discuss the role of market size in motivating a company to pursue international expansion. Use statistics to illustrate your explanation.

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There are many motivations for a company...

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Which of the following types of international firms are most likely to benefit from a global strategy as opposed to a multidomestic strategy?


A) firms that compete in industries in which consumer preferences vary substantially in each country
B) firms in industries that are expanding very rapidly
C) firms in industries that have value added by sales and marketing departments
D) firms in industries that have much value added in research and design or manufacturing

E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

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In addition to responding to pressures to lower costs, managers must strive to be responsive to global pressures to tailor their products to the demand of the local market in which they dobusiness.

A) True
B) False

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The difference between a franchise contract and a licensing contract is that a


A) franchise contract is more specific and usually longer in duration.
B) franchise contract must include a foreign government.
C) licensing contract covers more aspects of operations.
D) franchise contract involves less control and less risk.

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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Canada and Mexico are the same distance from the United States, but trade is higher between the United States and Canada than with Mexico because


A) true distance is smaller between the United States and Canada.
B) all three countries share the same legal system.
C) there are few immigration problems with Mexico.
D) Americans prefer Canadian food to Mexican food.

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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The sale of Boeing commercial aircraft and Microsoft operating systems in many countries enables these companies to benefit from


A) higher prices in their domestic markets.
B) reducing their exposure to currency risks.
C) economies of scale.
D) optimizing the location for many activities in their value chain.

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

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Which of the following is a reason for the rise in regional expansion?


A) increase in the number of trading blocs and free trade zones
B) decrease in the number of trading blocs and free trade zones
C) increasing national trade restrictions
D) increasing local taxes and tariffs

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

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