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Exam 3: Social Beliefs and Judgments

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Question 31

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Marcia thought that she would have enough time to write her paper after she bought groceries and cleaned the house,but she ran out of time.This is an example of

A) belief perseverance.
B) the planning fallacy.
C) confirmation bias.
D) heuristic problems.

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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Question 32

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Your boss is always cranky.You assume this is because she is an unhappy person.What type of attribution are you making to explain her behavior?

A) motivational
B) dispositional
C) situational
D) illusory

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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Question 33

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According to the attribution theorist Kelley (1973) ,what three types of information do we use when we make attributions for other people's behavior?

Jack and Jill are playing a game of "Monopoly." Jack is losing but if he rolls at least an 11 he'll be able to pass "Go" and collect $200.When his turn comes he throws the dice as hard as he can in hopes of rolling a high number.Jack most clearly holds a(n)

According to research done by Miller and his colleagues (1975) ,if you want young children to put trash in wastebaskets,you should repeatedly

To retrieve a memory of where your date told you she wanted to go for dinner tomorrow,you need to activate one of the strands that leads to this memory,such as thinking about what types of food she does and does not like.This process is known as

Describe an example of how the actor-observer difference could play a role in racist beliefs.

You are consistently late to your psychology class,because the biology class you have immediately before it is in a building on the other side of campus.You are concerned that your professor does not think you are a serious student because of your chronic tardiness.If this were true,what type of attribution would your professor be making about your behavior?

Attributing behavior to a person's traits is an example of what type of attribution?

Attributing behavior to a person's environment is an example of what type of attribution?

Explain how misattribution can play a role in sexual harassment.

What commands our attention as we shop for groceries each week is the environment around us,such as the number of people in front of us at the checkout counter.Yet when we watch another person's behavior at the grocery store,he or she,rather than the environment,occupies the center of our attention.As a result,we tend to engage in the attribution error.That is,we are irritable because the lines are long,but the other person is cantankerous because he or she is an unhappy person.What explanation below best explains this use of the fundamental attribution error?

Sometimes the basis for one's belief is discredited but an explanation of why the belief might be true survives.Social psychologists refer to this as

When our expectations lead us to act in ways that induce others to confirm those expectations,_______ is at work.

Everyone in a movie theater laughed at the same joke made in the film.According to Harold Kelley this is an example of a behavior

We tend to underestimate the situational determinants of others' behavior but not our own because we observe others from a different perspective than we observe ourselves.This is known as the

The tendency to imagine alternative scenarios and outcomes that might have happened but did not is called

You did not study for your psychology exam.However,you imagine yourself earning a better grade than the one you actually earned.This is an example of

The statistical tendency for extreme scores or behaviors to return toward average is called

Your summer vacation was perhaps not an overwhelmingly positive event,but during the final week of August,you remember it as being a fantastic time.This is an example of