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Personality helps explain why a particular behavior provides great value to one consumer but none to another.

A) True
B) False

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The goal of the nomothetic perspective is to find common personality traits that can be studied across people.

A) True
B) False

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The psychoanalytic approach to personality was proposed by B.F.Skinner.

A) True
B) False

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According to the psychoanalytic approach to personality,the superego:


A) focuses on pleasure-seeking and immediate gratification.
B) works against the id by motivating behavior that matches societal norms and expectations.
C) focuses on resolving the conflicts between the id and the ego.
D) operates on the benefit principle.
E) attempts to balance the desires of the id with the constraints of, and expectations found in, the ego.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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_____ refers to the extent to which material goods are important in a consumer's life.


A) Materialism
B) Value consciousness
C) Trait vanity
D) Self-monitoring
E) The need for cognition

F) None of the above
G) C) and D)

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Which of the following is true about consumer behavior traits?


A) Low self-monitors care deeply about what others think and say about their behaviors.
B) Consumers with low need for cognition tend to think carefully about products, problems, and even marketing messages.
C) Consumers with high need for cognition tend to be influenced by things like an endorser's attractiveness and cues that are not central to a message.
D) Low self-monitors tend to care more about the functionality of products.
E) High self-monitors are not sensitive to the opinions of others.

F) B) and D)
G) All of the above

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Broad traits tend to be better predictors of individual behaviors than specific traits.

A) True
B) False

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Self-concept refers to the totality of thoughts and feelings that an individual has about him- or herself.

A) True
B) False

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THE DESIGNER CLOTHES SCENARIO Fashion weeks in New York, Paris, and Milan featuring haughty supermodels strutting up and down the ramp generate a lot of attention for designers, especially if the collection is unique or unorthodox. But who buys these clothes? Apparently, only a small group of customers, as the celebrities seen so often flaunting designer clothing get these outfits for free in return for the publicity they generate for designers. This small group of customers comprise of women like Anna, Cindy, and Christine. Anna purchased a Balmain mini dress worth $24,000 and several other outfits because, as she stated, "I buy what I love." On the other hand, Cindy, an art enthusiast, purchased an Alexander McQueen jacket priced over $11,000. To her an apparel, besides being a work of art, also helps her form perceptions about herself. Christine, who attends high society events almost every night, wears any dress only once and in case she is attending more than one social event, changes several times in the course of a single evening. For these women, their clothing is an expression of themselves and how they want people to see them. -Refer to The Designer Clothes Scenario.Expensive designer clothes are possessions that are very important to women like Anna,Cindy,and Christine.Which of the following consumer behavior traits are these consumers displaying?


A) Materialism
B) Need for cognition
C) Frugality
D) Downshifting
E) Low self-monitoring

F) None of the above
G) A) and E)

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All consumers have a single self-concept.

A) True
B) False

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_____ refer(s) to the ways consumers live and spend their time and money.


A) Lifestyles
B) Demographics
C) Personality
D) Psychographics
E) Geodemographics

F) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

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Which of the following statements about self-concept is true?


A) Actual self refers to how a consumer would like to perceive himself.
B) Ideal self refers to how a consumer currently perceives him- or herself.
C) Ideal social self represents the image that a consumer would like others to have about him or her.
D) Possible self represents the various possessions that a consumer owns that help him form perceptions about himself.
E) Extended self refers to the positivity with which one holds his or her body image.

F) None of the above
G) A) and E)

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Conspicuous consumption represents the tendency of a consumer to engage in bargaining behaviors when making purchases.

A) True
B) False

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The trait approach takes an idiographic approach to personality.

A) True
B) False

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Explain self-congruency theory and its relevance to consumer behavior.

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Self-congruency theory proposes that muc...

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Brand personality refers to human characteristics that can be associated with a brand.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following best describes the ideal self?


A) It represents the various possessions that a consumer owns that help him form perceptions about himself.
B) It represents the image that a consumer would like others to have about him or her.
C) It refers to how a consumer would like to perceive himself.
D) It refers to the beliefs that a consumer has about how he or she is perceived by others.
E) It refers to how a consumer currently perceives him- or herself.

F) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

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Which of the following classifies consumers into eight distinct segments based on resources available to the consumer,as well as three primary motivations?


A) PERT
B) AIDA
C) VALS 2
D) SIPOC
E) PRIZM

F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

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Define brand personality and explain its significance.

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Brand personality refers to human charac...

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Sally is a research student who has chosen to conduct a consumer behavior research for her doctoral thesis.Believing that consumers often use products to convey their self-concepts to others,she studies luxury brands,logos,and products to find out what they mean to consumers.Which of the following best describes this field of study?


A) Teleology
B) Semiotics
C) Linguistics
D) Personology
E) Archeology

F) B) and C)
G) None of the above

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