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If a firm that is losing money shuts down and has variable costs of $10 million and continues to operate,we may conclude that its total revenue is _________.

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mo re than...

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The shutdown decision is made in the _______________.

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The average fixed cost curve


A) is a vertical line.
B) is a horizontal line.
C) slopes downward to the right as output rises.
D) is U-shaped (it declines as output rises,reaches a minimum,and then rises) .

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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If a firm is operating at an output that is a little less than the minimum point of its ATC curve,the marginal cost is


A) greater than ATC and rising.
B) greater than ATC and falling.
C) less than ATC and rising.
D) less than ATC and falling.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Diminishing returns set in with the _____ worker.

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Specialization and quantity discounts are examples of ________________.

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Fixed cost is sometimes referred to as


A) sunk cost.
B) variable cost.
C) total cost.
D) economic cost.
E) accounting cost.

F) D) and E)
G) B) and D)

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State the minimum points (in dollars and cents)of (a)the AVC and (b)the ATC.

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(a)$165.50 (must be ...

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If the marginal cost curve is below the average total cost curve,average total cost must be ___.

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As output rises,AFC gets _______________.

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We know that diminishing returns has set in when ______ declines.

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The law of diminishing returns


A) applies only to agriculture.
B) is another way of stating Parkinson's Law.
C) focuses on marginal output.
D) explains why mass production leads to lower costs.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Each of the following is a variable cost except


A) raw material costs.
B) hourly wages.
C) rent.
D) advertising costs.

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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If you had fixed costs of $100,000 and variable costs of $10,000,in the long run you would stay in business if total revenue were equal to,or greater than


A) $0.
B) $10,000.
C) $100,000.
D) $110,000.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Draw a graph of AVC,ATC,and MC.

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The basic characteristic of the short run is that


A) a firm does not have sufficient time to change the amounts of any of the resources it employs.
B) the firm does not have sufficient time to cut its rate of output to zero.
C) the firm does not have sufficient time to change the size of its plant.
D) the time frame is sufficient to allow new firms to enter the industry.

E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

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Total costs divided by output equals _____.

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ATC (avera...

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  -If you wanted to produce an output of 1,000 in the long run,you would choose a plant whose size was represented by A) ATC1. B) ATC2. C) ATC3. D) ATC4. E) ATC5. -If you wanted to produce an output of 1,000 in the long run,you would choose a plant whose size was represented by


A) ATC1.
B) ATC2.
C) ATC3.
D) ATC4.
E) ATC5.

F) C) and D)
G) All of the above

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Draw a graph of AVC,ATC,and MC.

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Jimmy,Walter,Mike,and Bill run a school for political candidates.The school has fixed costs of $10 million,variable costs of $4 million,and total revenue of $15 million.In the short run the school will _____ and in the long run the school will ___.


A) operate;stay in business
B) operate;go out of business
C) shut down;stay in business
D) shut down;go out of business

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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