Question 1

Excretion of nitrogenous wastes, such as urea and uric acid
2. Maintenance of the water-salt balance of the blood
3. Maintenance of the acid-base balance of the blood

Accepted Answer

The excretion of nitrogenous wastes, suc...

Question 2

Most carbon dioxide is carried in the blood

Accepted Answer

A)   as bicarbonate ion formed from carbonic acid in the plasma.
B)   causing the pH to increase.
C)   within the plasma.
D)   bonded with hemoglobin.
E)   bonded with oxygen.F) D) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 3

In reference to fish respiration,

Accepted Answer

A)   gills are thick lobes of tissue with little blood supply.
B)   gills are used to rid the body of nitrogenous wastes similar to the kidneys in humans.
C)   about 80-90% of dissolved oxygen in the water is absorbed by the skin.
D)   blood flows through the gills in the same direction that water flows over them.
E)   gases are exchanged between the lamellae of the gills and the water.F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 4

In the figure shown here, the area represented by letter "D" is

Accepted Answer

A)   where blood is filtered to form urine.
B)   the area where urine formed by nephrons is collected.
C)   where arterial blood is brought into the kidneys.
D)   the renal cortex.
E)   the renal medulla.F) B) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 5

Which event occurs during inspiration but not expiration?

Accepted Answer

A)   The rib cage moves out and up.
B)   The diaphragm relaxes and moves up.
C)   Pressure in the lungs increases.
D)   Air is pushed out of the lungs.
E)   The rib cage moves down and inward.F) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 6

In the figure shown here, "E" represents

Accepted Answer

A)   external respiration- the exchange of gases between the body tissues and the blood.
B)   external respiration- the exchange of gases between the blood and the air in the lungs.
C)   internal respiration- the exchange of gases between the body tissues and the blood.
D)   internal respiration- the exchange of gases between the blood and the air in the lungs.
E)   external respiration- the exchange of gases between the air in the lungs and the outside.F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 7

At the area labeled "A" in the figure shown here,

Accepted Answer

A)   O2 and CO2 enter the lungs.
B)   O2 and CO2 leave the lungs.
C)   O2 enters the lungs and CO2 leaves the lungs.
D)   CO2 enters the lungs and CO2 leaves the lungs.
E)   nutrients move into the body and CO2 leaves the body.F) A) and C)
G) C) and E)

Question 8

In which structure does urine formation begin?

Accepted Answer

A)   collecting duct
B)   proximal tubule
C)   nephron loop
D)   nephron capsule
E)   distal tubuleF) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 9

During respiration in fish, what percentage of dissolved oxygen is absorbed?

Accepted Answer

A)   100%
B)   95-99%
C)   80-90%
D)   70-80%
E)   60-70%F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 10

In hemodialysis, wastes normally collected by the kidney

Accepted Answer

A)   diffuse through artificial or natural semipermeable membranes.
B)   are pumped through a series of filters.
C)   are diluted by adding dialysate from bags attached to the abdomen.
D)   are actively transported through natural membranes in the abdomen.
E)   are diluted by a transfusion of blood lower in wastes.F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 11

You are at your cousin's high school graduation party. The only thing good to drink is lemonade. You end up staying at the party for a long time, drinking four large glasses of lemonade. What would you expect to happen to your urine production?

Accepted Answer

A)   You will produce an increased amount of dilute urine.
B)   You will produce an increased amount of concentrated urine.
C)   You will produce a decreased amount of concentrated urine.
D)   You will produce a decreased amount of dilute urine.
E)   You will produce a typical amount of urine; the lemonade will not have any noticeable impact on your urine production.F) A) and B)
G) B) and D) A

Question 12

In the figure shown here, the structure indicated by the letter "E"

Accepted Answer

A)   carries urine to the urinary bladder.
B)   carries urine to the outside of the body.
C)   returns filtered blood to the systemic circulation.
D)   further alters the composition of the urine formed by the nephrons.
E)   empties urine from the renal medulla.F) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 13

The tracheal system of insects

Accepted Answer

A)   helps remove metabolic wastes from their bodies.
B)   makes a respiratory pigment in their hemolymph unnecessary.
C)   relies on the expansion and contraction of the body wall to move air into and out of the system.
D)   is limited to the posterior end of the body.
E)   digests food and distributes nutrients to the body.F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct pathway of air into the lungs to the site of gas exchange?

Accepted Answer

A)   nasal cavity - pharynx - larynx - trachea - bronchi - bronchioles - alveoli
B)   bronchi - pharynx - larynx - trachea - nasal cavity - bronchioles - alveoli
C)   bronchi - pharynx - trachea - nasal cavity - bronchioles - alveoli - larynx
D)   nasal cavity - alveoli - bronchioles - bronchi - trachea - larynx - pharynx
E)   pharynx - trachea - nasal cavity - bronchioles - alveoli - larynx - bronchiF) C) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 15

Which organisms use Malpighian tubules to excrete uric acid?

Accepted Answer

A)   insects
B)   humans
C)   birds
D)   fish
E)   None of these.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 16

The figure shown represents urine formation. Substances which move from the blood into the filtrate at #3 include

Accepted Answer

A)   glucose.
B)   amino acids.
C)   sodium ions.
D)   chloride ions.
E)   hydrogen ions.F) B) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 17

Muscular dystrophy affects the functioning of skeletal muscle. As this disease advances, it can impair the contraction of the diaphragm and the muscles of the rib cage. What effect will this have on the ability of people with this disease to carry out gas exchange?

Accepted Answer

A)   It will decrease their ability to exchange air into and out of the lungs, decreasing gas exchange.
B)   It will have no effect on their ability to carry out gas exchange.
C)   It will cause a buildup of mucus in their respiratory tract, decreasing gas exchange.
D)   It will lower the surface area for gas exchange, decreasing gas exchange.
E)   It will decrease the ability to exhale but the ability to inhale will be unaffected.F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 18

The figure shown represents urine formation. What specific process is occurring at #2?

Accepted Answer

A)   secretion
B)   filtration
C)   reabsorption
D)   excretion
E)   urinationF) D) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 19

Ammonia helps maintain the optimal pH of urine.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 20

The mechanism by which oxygen moves into capillaries from alveoli is

Accepted Answer

A)   active transport.
B)   facilitated transport.
C)   diffusion.
D)   osmosis.
E)   secondary active transport.F) A) and B)
G) B) and D) C

Exam 24: The Maintenance Systems

Excretion of nitrogenous wastes, such as urea and uric acid 2. Maintenance of the water-salt balance of the blood 3. Maintenance of the acid-base balance of the blood

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIThe excretion of nitrogenous wastes, suc...View AnswerShow Answer

Most carbon dioxide is carried in the blood

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In reference to fish respiration,

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In the figure shown here, the area represented by letter "D" is

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Which event occurs during inspiration but not expiration?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the figure shown here, "E" represents

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At the area labeled "A" in the figure shown here,

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In which structure does urine formation begin?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During respiration in fish, what percentage of dissolved oxygen is absorbed?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In hemodialysis, wastes normally collected by the kidney

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You are at your cousin's high school graduation party. The only thing good to drink is lemonade. You end up staying at the party for a long time, drinking four large glasses of lemonade. What would you expect to happen to your urine production?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

In the figure shown here, the structure indicated by the letter "E"

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The tracheal system of insects

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is the correct pathway of air into the lungs to the site of gas exchange?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which organisms use Malpighian tubules to excrete uric acid?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The figure shown represents urine formation. Substances which move from the blood into the filtrate at #3 include

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Muscular dystrophy affects the functioning of skeletal muscle. As this disease advances, it can impair the contraction of the diaphragm and the muscles of the rib cage. What effect will this have on the ability of people with this disease to carry out gas exchange?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The figure shown represents urine formation. What specific process is occurring at #2?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ammonia helps maintain the optimal pH of urine.

Correct AnswerverifiedTrue

The mechanism by which oxygen moves into capillaries from alveoli is

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
The excretion of nitrogenous wastes, suc...
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