Question 1

On this map of earthquakes near Japan,why do shallow earthquakes (yellow dots) occur to the east and deeper earthquakes (red dots) occur to the west?

Accepted Answer

A)  The continental crust is thicker to the east.
B)  The crust is hotter near Japan,closer to the volcanoes.
C)  There is a continental collision to the east.
D)  The subduction zone dips to the west.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 2

The main cause of caldera collapse is

Accepted Answer

A)  a fissure eruption that allows the shield volcano to split into two or more parts.
B)  collapse of the north flank by landslides.
C)  removal of magmas that form pillow basalt.
D)  collapse of the roof of a magma chamber as magma erupts.
E)  All of these are correct.F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 3

Which of the following is true about tsunami?

Accepted Answer

A)  In deep water they are slow enough that a boat can outrun them.
B)  They form a high wall of water when still in deep water.
C)  They can flood areas that are several kilometers inland.
D)  All of these are correct.
E)  None of these are correct.F) D) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 4

If an earthquake occurred near the oceanic trench in this figure,which one of the following hazards is likely to threaten the town of White Sands?

Accepted Answer

A)  Landslides and other slope failures caused by shaking
B)  Destruction by a tsunami
C)  Volcanic material erupted from lava mountain
D)  All of these threaten the town of White Sands.E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 5

The typical shape of most volcanoes is

Accepted Answer

A)  conical.
B)  cylindrical.
C)  domical.D) A) and B)
E) A) and C)

Question 6

What type of deformation is shown in this photograph?

Accepted Answer

A)  Displacement
B)  Rotation
C)  Internal strain of the rock
D)  Columnar jointsE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 7

Fractures along which the rock has slipped relative to the other side are called

Accepted Answer

A)  faults.
B)  cracks.
C)  joints.
D)  beds.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 8

Which of the following are forms of differential stress?

Accepted Answer

A)  Compression
B)  Shear
C)  Tension
D)  All of these are forms of differential stress.E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 9

The downfall of which ancient civilization in the Mediterranean closely followed the caldera-forming eruption at Santorini?

Accepted Answer

A)  Minoan
B)  Etruscan
C)  Persian
D)  SpartanE) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the temperature of materials typically erupted from volcanoes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Extremely hot
B)  Warm to slightly hot
C)  Cool to coldD) None of the above
E) A) and C)

Question 11

Which of the following sites near a volcano might be relatively less dangerous?

Accepted Answer

A)  A site that is within the shelter provided by the volcano's central crater
B)  A site on a ridge as opposed to a site in a valley
C)  A site protected by steep slopes of the volcano
D)  A site where rocks have been weakened by hot volcanic fluids
E)  All of these are correct.F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 12

What kind of volcano is in this figure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cinder cone
B)  Large shield volcano
C)  Small shield volcano
D)  Composite volcano
E)  CalderaF) B) and C)
G) None of the above

Question 13

The igneous feature shown in this photograph is a

Accepted Answer

A)  dike.
B)  sill.
C)  volcanic neck.
D)  batholith.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 14

When a rock is buried deep in the Earth and experiences the same force from all sides,it is under

Accepted Answer

A)  confining pressure.
B)  fluid pressure.
C)  shear stress.
D)  burial compression.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 15

The typical form for a composite volcano is a

Accepted Answer

A)  steep-sided cone.
B)  shallowly sloping shield.
C)  broad,circular crater.
D)  steep-sided dome.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 16

This volcano is relatively small and composed of volcanic cinders.What kind of volcano is it?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cinder cone
B)  Shield volcano
C)  Composite volcano
D)  Volcanic dome
E)  CalderaF) C) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 17

Which of the following is a recognizable characteristic of recent calderas?

Accepted Answer

A)  Steep-sided basin-shaped depression
B)  Large,conical mountain form
C)  Long,narrow valleyD) None of the above
E) All of the above

Question 18

The vertical igneous feature shown in this photograph is a

Accepted Answer

A)  dike.
B)  sill.
C)  volcanic neck.
D)  batholith.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 19

What is a main hazard of this type of volcano?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hot molten fragments thrown a short distance from the volcano
B)  Viscous lava that moves too fast for people to outrun
C)  Destruction by moderately fluid lava flows that can flow far from the volcano
D)  Relatively small pyroclastic eruptions caused by localized explosions or collapseE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 20

An earthquake generated on this type of fault would most likely be associated with a

Accepted Answer

A)  subduction zone.
B)  divergent plate boundary.
C)  rift.
D)  caldera.
E)  transform boundary.F) B) and C)
G) A) and D)

Exam 11: Volcanoes,deformation,and Earthquakes

The downfall of which ancient civilization in the Mediterranean closely followed the caldera-forming eruption at Santorini?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a recognizable characteristic of recent calderas?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true about tsunami?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When a rock is buried deep in the Earth and experiences the same force from all sides,it is under

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What kind of volcano is in this figure?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What type of deformation is shown in this photograph?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is a main hazard of this type of volcano?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The typical shape of most volcanoes is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The typical form for a composite volcano is a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If an earthquake occurred near the oceanic trench in this figure,which one of the following hazards is likely to threaten the town of White Sands?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

This volcano is relatively small and composed of volcanic cinders.What kind of volcano is it?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The main cause of caldera collapse is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Fractures along which the rock has slipped relative to the other side are called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The igneous feature shown in this photograph is a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

On this map of earthquakes near Japan,why do shallow earthquakes (yellow dots) occur to the east and deeper earthquakes (red dots) occur to the west?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following sites near a volcano might be relatively less dangerous?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The vertical igneous feature shown in this photograph is a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following best describes the temperature of materials typically erupted from volcanoes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An earthquake generated on this type of fault would most likely be associated with a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following are forms of differential stress?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified